Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-9 (of 9 Records) |
Query Trace: Hackett S[original query] |
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Provider-reported barriers in sexual health care services for women with upstream barriers: The case of syphilis and congenital syphilis in Southern Colorado, 2022
Hackett C , Frank L , Heldt-Werle L , Loosier PS . Sex Transm Dis 2024 51 (5) 337-341 BACKGROUND: Syphilis and congenital syphilis rates have increased sharply in Colorado in the past 5 years. Congenital syphilis is passed during pregnancy in utero and can cause lifelong physical, developmental, and neurologic problems for the child, or can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, or early infant death. Congenital syphilis is easily prevented if the mother receives timely testing, treatment, and prenatal care. Providers can play a key role in preventing congenital syphilis for women with social vulnerabilities, who have a higher likelihood of syphilis and/or congenital syphilis infection. METHODS: We surveyed 23 and interviewed 4 health care providers in southern Colorado in 2022 to record their experiences in providing sexual health care services. We asked providers with direct care experience about perceived barriers in effectively treating syphilis. RESULTS: The most significant barriers reported in the survey were the cost of treatment (26%) and the loss to follow-up (22%). Interviews revealed further challenges, including discretionary testing procedures, delays in screening results, treatment referral issues, and stigma around substance use and sexual activity. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated syphilis and congenital syphilis rates pose significant public health challenges. Coordinated interventions are necessary to effectively reduce the transmission of syphilis and congenital syphilis among women with upstream barriers. Potential care solutions include expanding rapid, point-of care testing and treatment options, supporting bicillin delivery or web-based inventory systems, offering anti-stigma training for providers, offering mental and behavioral health resources at providers' clinics, and expanding partnerships with syringe access programs. |
Mortality among children aged <5 years living with HIV who are receiving antiretroviral treatment - U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, 28 supported countries and regions, October 2020-September 2022
Agathis NT , Faturiyele I , Agaba P , Fisher KA , Hackett S , Agyemang E , Mehta N , Kindra G , Morof DF , Mutisya I , Nyabiage L , Battey KA , Olotu E , Maphosa T , Motswere-Chirwa C , Ketlogetswe AT , Mafa-Setswalo J , Mazibuko S , de Deus MIT , Nhaguiombe HG , Machage EM , Mugisa B , Ogundehin DT , Mbelwa C , Birabwa E , Etima M , Adamu Y , Lawal I , Maswai J , Njeru D , Mwambona J , Nguhuni B , Mrina R , Hrapcak S , Siberry GK , Godfrey C , Wolf HT . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2023 72 (48) 1293-1299 Globally, children aged <5 years, including those living with HIV who are not receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART), experience disproportionately high mortality. Global mortality among children living with HIV aged <5 years receiving ART is not well described. This report compares mortality and related clinical measures among infants aged <1 year and children aged 1-4 years living with HIV with those among older persons aged 5-14, 15-49, and ≥50 years living with HIV receiving ART services at all clinical sites supported by the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. During October 2020-September 2022, an average of 11,980 infants aged <1 year and 105,510 children aged 1-4 years were receiving ART each quarter; among these infants and children receiving ART, 586 (4.9%) and 2,684 (2.5%), respectively, were reported to have died annually. These proportions of infants and children who died ranged from four to nine times higher in infants aged <1 year, and two to five times higher in children aged 1-4 years, than the proportions of older persons aged ≥5 years receiving ART. Compared with persons aged ≥5 years living with HIV, the proportions of children aged <5 years living with HIV who experienced interruptions in treatment were also higher, and the proportions who had a documented HIV viral load result or a suppressed viral load were lower. Prioritizing and optimizing HIV and general health services for children aged <5 years living with HIV receiving ART, including those recommended in the WHO STOP AIDS Package, might help address these disproportionately poorer outcomes. |
HIV viral load scale-up among children and adolescents: Trends in viral load suppression, sample type and processing in 7 PEPFAR countries, 2015-2018
Hrapcak S , Pals S , Itoh M , Peters N , Carpenter D , Hackett S , Prao AK , Adje-Toure C , Eboi E , Mutisya I , Nyabiage Omoto L , Ondondo RO , Bowen N , Nyanya W , Kayira D , Kaba MD , Mwenda R , Deus MI , Almeida J , Cuco RMM , Boylan A , Beard S , Ashikoto S , van Rooyen G , Kindra G , Diallo K , Carmona S , Nazziwa E , Mwangi C , Ntale J , Ssewanyana I , Nabadda SN , Nabukenya M , Ellenberger D , Rivadeneira E . Pediatr Infect Dis J 2023 42 (4) e102-e104 HIV-positive children and adolescents face gaps in viral load (VL) testing. To understand trends in pediatric/adolescent VL testing, 7 countries collected data from Laboratory Information Management Systems. Results showed increasing proportion of VL tests done through dried blood spot (DBS) and decreased sample rejection rates for DBS compared with plasma, supporting use of DBS VL when skilled phlebotomy is unavailable. |
From practice to publication: The promise of writing workshops
Lavinghouze SR , Kettel Khan L , Auld ME , Sammons Hackett D , Brittain DR , Brown DR , Greaney E , Harris DM , Maynard LM , Onufrak S , Robillard AG , Schwartz R , Siddique S , Youngner CG , Wright LS , O'Toole TP . Health Promot Pract 2022 23 21s-33s Practitioners in health departments, university extension programs, and nonprofit organizations working in public health face varied challenges to publishing in the peer-reviewed literature. These practitioners may lack time, support, skills, and efficacy needed for manuscript submission, which keeps them from sharing their wisdom and experience-based evidence. This exclusion can contribute to literature gaps, a failure of evidence-based practice to inform future research, reduced ability to educate partners, and delays in advancing public health practice. Our article describes the writing workshops offered to Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity (DNPAO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded programs in 2021. This project consisted of three 60-minute introductory writing webinars open to all recipients, followed by a Writing for Publications workshop, an 8- to 9-week virtual learning/writing intensive for selected writing team applicants. The Society for Public Health Education staff, consultants, and CDC/DNPAO staff developed, refined, and presented the curriculum. The workshop for public health practitioner writing teams was offered to two cohorts and included extensive coaching and focused on potential submission to a Health Promotion Practice supplement, "Reducing Chronic Disease through Physical Activity and Nutrition: Public Health Practice in the Field" (see Supplemental Material), which was supported by CDC/DNPAO. We describe the webinars, the workshop design, modifications, evaluation methods and results. |
Monitoring emerging HIV drug resistance in sub-Saharan Africa in the era of dolutegravir.
da Silva J , Pals S , Chang J , Hackett S , Godfrey C , Raizes E . J Infect Dis 2021 225 (3) 364-366 Dolutegravir-based regimens are now standard of care for HIV treatment for millions of people around Sub-Saharan Africa. To ensure its continued efficacy, monitoring of emerging drug resistance that inform a treatment strategy amongst those failing is crucial. Here we outline the plan by the President Emergence Plan for AIDS Relief to leverage viral load infra structure to implement effective drug resistance surveillance in the countries it supports. |
Drug resistance mutations among South African children living with HIV on WHO-recommended ART regimens.
Hackett S , Teasdale CA , Pals S , Muttiti A , Mogashoa M , Chang J , Zeh C , Ramos A , Rivadeneira ED , DeVos J , Sleeman K , Abrams EJ . Clin Infect Dis 2020 73 (7) e2217-e2225 BACKGROUND: Children living with HIV (CLHIV) receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) in resource limited settings are susceptible to high rates of acquired HIV drug resistance (HIVDR), but few studies include children initiating age-appropriate WHO-recommended first-line regimens. We report data from a cohort of ART-naïve South African children who initiated first-line ART. METHODS: ART-eligible CLHIV aged 0-12 years were enrolled from 2012 to 2014 at five public South African facilities and followed for up to 24 months. Enrolled CLHIV received standard of care WHO-recommended first-line ART. At the final study visit, a dried blood spot sample was obtained for viral load and genotypic resistance testing. RESULTS: Among 72 successfully genotyped CLHIV, 49 (68.1%) received ABC/3TC/LPV/r, and 23 (31.9%) received ABC/3TC/EFV. All but 2 children on ABC/3TC/LPV/r were <3 years and all CLHIV on ABC/3TC/EFV were ≥3 years. Overall, 80.6% (58/72) had at least one drug resistance mutation (DRM). DRMs to NNRTIs and NRTIs were found among 65% and 51% of all CLHIV, respectively, with no statistical difference by ART regimen. More CLHIV on ABC/3TC/EFV, 47.8% (11/23), were found to have 0 or only 1 effective antiretroviral drug remaining in their current regimen compared to 8.2% (4/49) on ABC/3TC/LPV/r. CONCLUSIONS: High levels of NNRTI and NRTI DRMs among CLHIV receiving ABC/3TC/LPV/r suggests a lasting impact of failed PMTCT interventions on DRMs. However, drug susceptibility analysis, reveals that CLHIV with detectable viremia on ABC/3TC/LPV/r are more likely to have maintained at least two effective agents on their current HIV regimen than those on ABC/3TC/EFV. |
Seroreactivity against Marburg or related filoviruses in West and Central Africa
Steffen I , Lu K , Hoff NA , Mulembakani P , Okitolonda Wemakoy E , Muyembe-Tamfum JJ , Ndembi N , Brennan CA , Hackett J Jr , Switzer WM , Saragosti S , Mbensa GO , Laperche S , Rimoin AW , Simmons G . Emerg Microbes Infect 2020 9 (1) 124-128 A serological survey of 2,430 archived serum samples collected between 1997 and 2012 was conducted to retrospectively determine the prevalence of Marburg virus in five African countries. Serum samples were screened for neutralizing antibodies in a pseudotype micro-neutralization assay and confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Surprisingly, a seroprevalence for Marburg virus of 7.5 and 6.3% was found in Cameroon and Ghana, respectively, suggesting the circulation of filoviruses or related viruses outside of known endemic areas that remain undetected by current surveillance efforts. However, due to the lack of validated assays and appropriate positive controls, these results must be considered preliminary. |
Serologic Prevalence of Ebola Virus in Equatorial Africa
Steffen I , Lu K , Yamamoto LK , Hoff NA , Mulembakani P , Wemakoy EO , Muyembe-Tamfum JJ , Ndembi N , Brennan CA , Hackett J Jr , Stramer SL , Switzer WM , Saragosti S , Mbensa GO , Laperche S , Rimoin AW , Simmons G . Emerg Infect Dis 2019 25 (5) 911-918 We conducted a serologic survey of 2,430 serum samples collected during 1997-2012 for various studies to determine the prevalence of the hemorrhagic fever virus Ebola virus (EBOV) in equatorial Africa. We screened serum samples for neutralizing antibodies by using a pseudotype microneutralization assay and a newly developed luciferase immunoprecipitation system assay. Specimens seroreactive for EBOV were confirmed by using an ELISA. Our results suggest a serologic prevalence of 2%-3.5% in the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which have reported outbreaks of infection with EBOV. In addition we detected a seroprevalence of 1.3% in southern Cameroon, which indicated a low risk for exposure in this region. |
Failure to confirm XMRV/MLVs in the blood of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: a multi-laboratory study
Simmons G , Glynn SA , Komaroff AL , Mikovits JA , Tobler LH , Hackett J Jr , Tang N , Switzer WM , Heneine W , Hewlett IK , Zhao J , Lo SC , Alter HJ , Linnen JM , Gao K , Coffin JM , Kearney MF , Ruscetti FW , Pfost MA , Bethel J , Kleinman S , Holmberg JA , Busch MP . Science 2011 334 (6057) 814-7 Murine leukemia viruses (MLVs), including xenotropic-MLV-related virus (XMRV), have been controversially linked to chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). To explore this issue in greater depth, we compiled coded replicate samples of blood from 15 subjects previously reported to be XMRV/MLV-positive (14 with CFS) and from 15 healthy donors previously determined to be negative for the viruses. These samples were distributed in a blinded fashion to nine laboratories, which performed assays designed to detect XMRV/MLV nucleic acid, virus replication, and antibody. Only two laboratories reported evidence of XMRV/MLVs; however, replicate sample results showed disagreement, and reactivity was similar among CFS subjects and negative controls. These results indicate that current assays do not reproducibly detect XMRV/MLV in blood samples and that blood donor screening is not warranted. |
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